International Conference and Exhibition on Dentistry March 18-20, 2015 Crowne Plaza, Dubai, UAE

Biography:

Prof. Letic-Gavrilovic Anka, DDS, PhD, duringlong scientific career collaborated with Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Histochemistry Department, London; Fukuoka Dental College, Department of Biochemistry, Fukuoka, Japan. Now works as Assoc.Prof. of Physiology and Biochemistry at RAKCODS, Dental College, United Arabic Emirates. Researching inoral biochemistry, immunology and basic clinical mechanism of dental implantology, Dr Anka expressed particular scientific interest in Biomaterials for bone reconstruction. Most of the work was dedicated to the regulatory role of growth factors in morphogenesis and postnatal development of the immune system and salivary glands. Recently, Dr Ankais very active in field of brain neurophysiology and practical applications. Neuromarketing is an academic approach to better understand how information leads to changes in attention, emotional responses, preference formation, choices and learning. Dr Letic’s present interest remains beautiful mystery of brain function. While there’s general agreement that attention and emotional engagement of brain, can be tracked, identifying specific emotions with confidence has been elusive. Therefore, data from neuromarketing are still best used when triangulated with more traditional data such as interviews, questionnaires, and historical data.

Abstract:

A smile is a very powerful social instrument. A better quality of working life, together with the promotion of employment and entrepreneurship, requests beauty and time savings. Today, patients come to Dental office and expect quick, good quality, long-term smile and absolutely, and always with no pain or other complications during or after the treatment. The successful Dentist is the one to be able to prepare and finish dental procedure; having happy patient at the and! Pharmaceutics could help a lot, but specific knowledge is needed.
This course is not meant to be an exhaustive compendium of pharmacology. New generations of healthcare professionals must be ready for inter-professional collaboration, as well as to be prepared to treat growing needs of patients for new type of treatments. Technological advances in health care industry every day deliver new pharmaceutical products that dentist can use and serve patients. Today, most presenters of aesthetic dentistry only show their exceptionally good work on teeth and gums while neglecting the complex face and/or lips. Without treating the face, the aesthetic work is incomplete unless the patient on their own sees other doctors. Without treating the face, your good work in the mouth will appear incongruous. Therefore, this course focuses primarily on those drugs and biomaterials used by the Dentist that highly improve results of dental work, boost doctor’s endeavor and significantly upgrade reputation of the dental office. These drugs are: 1) Pain killers, 2) Antialergics and antioxidants, 3) Skin and Lips fillers and 4) Bone Grafting Biomaterial. All these drugs and synthetic biomaterials will be listed, reviewed in terms of their clinical indications and applications, particularly choosing clinical requests, explaining mode of work, their clinical advantages and disadvantages comparing to other options, in terms of appropriate usage, adverse side effects and potential interactions.
Learning Objectives:
1. Understand the actions of and appropriate therapeutic use of pain killers, oral sedatives, local anesthetics, and controlling anxiety by medications;
2. Understand the rational use of anti-alergic agents in dentistry, both in terms of the management of existing orofacial allergies and for prophylaxis against the new developments;
3. Understand the importance of bone function, defective status in altering the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and therapeutic action of drugs such as Bisphosphonates’ or natural and synthetic bone graft substitutes;
4. Understand the bottom line whether Botox and dermal fillers are within the scope of dental practice for use by general dentists for dental esthetic and esthetic dental therapeutics.

Biography:

A.M. Elamin is well known for his research publications.His keen research is on pathology of dental sciences.Presently he is working as professor at College of Sustainability Sciences and Humanities, UAE.

Abstract:

Background and Objectives: The microbial profile of aggressive periodontitis patients is considered to be complex with variations among populations in different geographical areas. The aim of this study was to assess the presences of four putative periodontopathic bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola) and two periodontal herpes viruses [Epstein-Barr virus-1 (EBV), human cytomegalovirus (HMCV)] in subgingival plaque and whole saliva of Sudanese subjects with aggressive periodontitis and healthy controls.
Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 34 subjects, 17 aggressive periodontitis patients and 17 periodontally healthy controls (14-19 years of age). Whole stimulated saliva and pooled subgingival plaque were collected and analyzed for detection of bacteria and viruses using loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP).
Results: Prevalence of subgingival A. actinomycetemcomitans, HCMV and P. gingivalis were significantly higher among aggressive periodontitis patients than periodontally healthy controls. Co-infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans, HCMV and/or EBV-1 was restricted to the cases. Pooled subgingival plaque showed significant higher prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis than whole stimulated saliva in this population (p=0.0001, p=0.04). Increased risk of aggressive peritonitis was the highest when A. actinomycetemcomitans & was detected together with EBV-1(OD 49.0, 95% CI 2.5-948.7, p= 0.01) and HCMV (OD 39.1, 95% CI 2.0 - 754.6, p= 0.02).
Conclusions: A. actinomycetemcomitans and HCMV were the most associated test pathogens with aggressive periodontitis in this population. Saliva may be useful as an alternative sampling tool for selected pathogens. However, parallel subgingival sampling is recommended for A. actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis.

Biography:

Ala Al-dameh BDS, Doctor of Clinical Dentistry (DClinDent), graduated in Dentistry from the University of Otago in New Zealand, after which she workedin private and government sectors in both New Zealand and overseas.She then served on the Faculty of Dentistry in the Department of Oral Rehabilitation at the University of Otago, and obtained her Doctorate in Clinical Dentistry in Endodontics. Her research interests include both clinical and laboratory research with a focus on the microbiology and disinfection of root canal dentine. As a side line she invests time on new instrumentation devices in root canal therapy. She is now Assistant Professor of Endodontics at Dubai College of Dental Medicine.

Abstract:

The role of bacteria in the development of pulp and periapical disease has long been established. Successful root canal therapy depends on thorough debridement of pulpal tissue, dentine debris and microorganisms. Irrigation has a key role in successful endodontic treatment. It kills planktonic and biofilm bacteria, dissolves and removes tissue, and helps files cut dentin in a safer and more effective manner.The aim of this presentation is to develop a clear understanding of the role of irrigation, particularly apical irrigation, and the effect of various solutions on dentine and biofilm. A safe and effective irrigation protocol for root canal treatment will be presented. Learning Objectives: • Develop a clear understanding of the role of irrigation particularly apical irrigation in successful endodontic treatment • Understand the effect of various irrigants on dentine and biofilm • Understand the interactions between the various chemicals found in irrigants • Develop a rational irrigation protocol for root canal treatment

Biography:

Department of aesthetic Dentistry,Private Educational Center Somos Saludy Educacion,Caracas, Venezuela;Universadad Nacional Experimental politecncas de la Fuerza armand of caracas, Venezuela;Department of operative and Esthetic Dentistry,Universidad Santa Maria of caracas, Venezuela.

Abstract:

It is not always simple if it seems simple”. In the absence, loss or tooth fractures, it gets open in our time an “endless” possibility of treatments using different options and restorative materials. We can evaluate “the simple”, and “the complex”, i.e. from simple to complex in oral rehabilitation not based on the material used, but in the restorative value of each individual case. Which is important is a successful end.It is a resume of the different treatments (going from the simpler to the more complex alternative) to restore and rehabilitate the patients. From veneers and endocrowns to full mouth implants.

Biography:

Chiquit van Linden van den Heuvell works as a clinical psychologist at the University Medical Center Groningen, initially at the Department of Medical Psychology, beginning in 2003 at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Special Dental Care. She is member of the Regional Disciplinary Board for Health Care Psychologists in Groningen. Her psychotherapeutic activities concern patients with dental anxiety, dental gagging and medically unexplained symptoms. Research activities are mainly directed at Quality of Life in Head and Neck Oncology, with special focus on qualitative research into ethical and existential aspects of decision making in this field. In order to stimulate a more meaningfully discussion with patients about the question “Will it be worth it?”, she started interviewing treated patients and next of kin of deceased patients, asking them: “Has it been worth it?”. Another field of research interest concerns the development of a measurement instrument for dental gagging.

Abstract:

Dental gagging can be a burden in many respects. Implant retained dentures may be considered the solution for edentulous patients suffering from dental gagging. But the process of applying these devices may reveal gagging problems to such an extent that special approaches will be necessary. For dentate patients dental gagging may impede proper oral care, oral treatment or the wearing of a partial prosthesis. A ‘treatment of choice’ seems to be lacking, since research on dental gagging is almost exclusively restricted to case studies. More basically, reliable and valid procedures for evaluating any treatment do not exist. So notwithstanding the prevalence and inconveniences of dental gagging, knowledge about etiology, incidence and treatment is minimal. At the Center of Special Dental Care of the University Medical Center Groningen, the Netherlands, dental gagging is a field of interest since more than 10 years. A diagnostic instrument has been developed and a weekly multidisciplinary office hour for dental gagging patients has added considerably to our expertise, and it still does. This has resulted in a multidisciplinary method that will be described and illustrated with video fragments. Pros and cons of implants with dental gagging will be clarified. Recommendations and specific tips will also be provided for specialists who want to transcend the level of home remedies for their gagging patients. The core issues of this presentation are firstly that gagging patients seem to benefit from learning to become ‘an expert’ in the awareness of an approaching gag reflex, secondly, that dental implants are not a solution for EVERY patient, thirdly that removable dentures are preferable to dental implants if possible, and finally that the implantology trajectory should be preceded or accompanied by a training to enhance the patient’s control over the gag reflex.

Biography:

Hellen has worked as dental hygienist, in both the public and private sector and as a clinical tutor. She volunteers internationally on regular work trips to Vietnam and held industry leadership and advocacy roles, including Presidency of peak body, the Dental Hygienists’ Association of Australia Inc. (DHAA) and a member of the National Minimal Intervention Dentistry Workshop and Alliance for Caries Free Future. Hellen is currently completing a Master degree in Clinical Leadership and residing in Dubai

Abstract:

In the development of professional citizenship, clinicians may appreciate the community is an extension of our own clinical practice. We embrace our patients for whom we provide excellent clinical care in our everyday practices, patients with appointments and waiting for treatment and also extend our professional obligations to those who one day may seek dental treatment and anyone now or in the future who can benefit from treatment and community health promotion.
Practitioners developing professional citizenship may have the opportunity as individuals to be involved in community health promotion or clinicians may join professional societies or seek leadership roles and experience participating in collaborative partnerships and coalitions. Societies may provide professional development education, mentoring, and foster research and publish guidelines for evidence-based practice for the profession. Leaders may be decision- makers tackling the challenging aspects of health and normative economics. (What should we do with resources and what do our societal values tell us is fair and equitable)
Efficiency and equity is as integral to Australia’s heath care system as it is to the health care systems of the Arab Nations. However has become increasingly challenging to achieve the equitable distribution of limited resources within a mixed health care system and impact on Australia’s health inequalities among the homeless, rural and regional residents and indigenous Australians. Targeted vertical equity dental schemes present challenges when delivered via the private sector present have their own set of challenges including addressing equitable access in rural and remote areas, dynamic efficiency of the health care system and allocative efficiencies.

Biography:

Dr. Kamis Gaballah is currently Associate Professor in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Ajman University, UAE. Since graduation on 1993 Dr. Gaballah showed a great interest in the field of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery for which he was extensively trained and practiced in many countries including Libya, Egypt, Ireland, United Kingdom, Norway and UAE. During his surgical training he was awarded with the fellowship of the Royal College of Surgeons in both England and Ireland . Dr. Gaballah was also formally trained in Oral Medicine at the Trinity College Dublin of the Ireland. Up on his completion of the professional surgical training and practicing for several years in the field, he has joined the University of London for intensive and novel research on the cancer gene therapy. His research work focused on the use of the tissue engineering, virus-mediated gene therapy for head and neck cancer and oral potentially malignant lesions and also the inhibition of angiogenesis to prevent the recurrence of head and neck cancer in surgically treated patients. He has published his novel research outcome in highly-ranked journals and his papers were cited by significant number of authors all over the world. His academic interest was expanded to include the higher education teaching and learning for which he was formally trained at the University of London and warded with membership of the UK council of higher education before joining the King’s College London as a Clinical Lecturer in Oral Surgery.

Abstract:

Worldwide, the presence of impacted third molar is often associated with significant morbidities that may range from soreness , pain, swelling, inability to open mouth widely & chew properly & impairment of the health of adjacent teeth to more serious complication like neck infection & emergence of certain pathologies like cysts & tumors. This wide range of clinical problem made the surgical removal of these teeth are the commonest oral surgical procedure. This procedure is associated with significant morbidity including pain & swelling, together with the possibility of temporary or permanent nerve damage, resulting in altered sensation of lip or tongue. This talk will shed some light on the systematic approach may be considered to prevent or minimize the damage to the inferior dental nerve during such surgeries.

Biography:

Dr. Abeer AlSubait got her Master Degree in Public Health, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science (College of Public Health and Health Informatics) 2012. She got her Diploma degree in Public Health from Liverpool Tropical Medicine 2012, AEGD certificate from King Abdulaziz Medical City-Dental Center – Jan 2004. She is the Director of School Dental Prevention Program in Ministry of National Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. She is Co-Director of the Advanced General Dentistry Program in Dental Service in Ministry of national Guard, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. She is the Co-chairman of continuing education committee in dental service in Ministry of national guard , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and Lecturer in Dental College in King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for health science.

Abstract:

The number of patients with renal failure disease on hemodyalisis (HD) is increased and they require special attention and care from dentists, usually patients with end stage renal disease have another medical conditions as Diabetic, Hypertension, immunosuppression, using antihypertensive or anti coagulant or antiplatelet medications, making the dental treatment more complex , these patients develop a lot of oral and dental problems such as enamel hypoplasia, enamel attrition, periodontal disease, drug induced gingivitis, oral infections, ulcerations, and bone alterations due to hyperparathyroidisim, osteoporosis, narrowing of pulp chamber, osteosclorosis of the roots and abnormal bone healing after extraction, therefore dentists must be aware about these manifestations that may occur due to renal diseases. Dental care among these patients and preventive measures seems to have been neglected, and dentists are not aware about the oral, dental and bone manifestations that may occur as a result of renal failure, therefore the aim of this study is to measure the prevalence of radiographicbone and oral soft tissues and teeth manifestations among Saudi adult patients with renal failure on HD, and to find the relationship between the duration of renal failure/dialysis and the appearance of bone, soft tissue and teeth manifestations.

Biography:

Andre Wilson Machado, D.D.S., M.S., PhD is an Associate Professor for an orthodontic program, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil. He is also a Visiting Professor at University of California Los Angeles (since 2011). He completed his dental education at School of Dentistry, Federal University of Bahia, Brazil and orthodontic education at Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais, Brazil. He completed his Master’s degree at the Pontifical Catholic University and his PhD at the Paulista State University – Araraquara, Brazil. His thesis research work has been published in various international journals, not necessarily limited to orthodontics. He also is an author and co-author of more than 60 articles published worldwide. He has given lectures in more than 30 cities, totaling over 100 presentations. His current focus has been establishing protocols for smile esthetics diagnosis and treatment. Recently, he developed the smile analysis protocol entitled “10 commandments of smile esthetics” and also the “digital smile planning”, a brand new method to diagnosis and planning esthetic treatments in simple software such as Powerpoint and Keynote. He is a member of the Brazilian Association of Orthodontics and of the World Federation of Orthodontics and the actual scientific director of the Brazilian Association of Orthodontics – Section of Bahia.

Abstract:

The demand for esthetic treatments has become routine in health professional offices and for the public worldwide. Consequently, the primary reason patients seek dental treatment is to improve their smile esthetics. Therefore, the aim of this presentation is to introduce the smile analysis protocol entitled: “10 commandments of smile esthetics”.

Biography:

Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry / AL-Iraqia University, Baghdad. Munad J. Al-Duliamy, Assistant Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry / AL-Iraqia University, Baghdad, IRAQ.

Abstract:

Objectives: To examine the clinical and histological effects of locally injected strontium on the anchoring unit of a rat model of an experimental relapsed tooth movement.
Materials and methods: Thirty-six 10-week-old male Wister rats were randomly divided into two groups of 18 animals that were then randomly divided into three subgroups of six animals corresponding to three observation periods: T1 = 1 week, T2= 2 weeks, and T3 =3 weeks. In the first experiment, both the right and left maxillary first molars were moved buccally with a standardized expansive spring. Strontium chloride solution was injected every 2 days into the subperiosteal area buccal to the left maxillary first molar (the experimental side). The right-sided first molar was injected with distilled water as a control. In the second experiment, maxillary first molars were moved buccally with the spring. After 3 weeks, the spring was removed. Two days before the spring removal, strontium chloride was injected into the palatal side of left-sided maxillary first molar and distilled water was injected into the palatal side of the right-sided maxillary first molar as in experiment1.
Results: At the end of the experimental period, significant levels of inhibition were noted in terms of both tooth movement and relapse movement in strontium-injected sides. Histological examinations showed that strontium enhanced the number of osteoblasts and reduced the number of osteoclasts.

Biography:

She has authored more than 250 scientific and clinical articles in peer-reviewed journals, has given over 400 presentations at international scientific meetings, is a frequent lecturer at scientific meetings, receiver of several international awards and has held numerous continuing education courses in Europe. She serves also for the editorial boards of several scientific journals. Her clinical expertise is on reconstructive dentistry. She has also Visiting Professor Positions at various universities including São Paolo State University (Brazil), Federal University of Juiz de Fora (Brazil), University of Brno (Czech Republic), University of Madrid (Spain) and University of Florida (USA).

Abstract:

Durable adhesion of glassy matrix or oxide-based ceramics is crucial especially for minimally invasive reconstructions. This lecture will highlight the fundamental principles of adhesion to different ceramics, cover current knowledge and the clinical protocols regarding to surface conditioning methods and adhesion promoters to be used in conjunction with different resin-based materials.
Learning objectives: 1- Prerequisites for durable adhesion to different ceramics
2- Surface conditioning methods and working mechanisms
3- Clinical sequence of adhesion protocols for cementation and repair

Biography:

Ramirez graduated in 1986, obtaining his D.D.S. degree from the Javeriana University in Colombia. Afterwards, he completed a Pediatric Dentistry Diploma in Mexico. Dr. Ramirez interest includes guiding craniofacial growth and development in children. Thus, he trained in treating bite problems in Brazil and completed a Doctoral degree (PhD) in Oral Biology in Australia. Beside his extensive experience treating children, Dr. Ramirez has been an academic in USA and Canada. He became a fellow of the Royal College of Dentist of Canada in 2012 and recently moved to Ontario, where he practice, while continue associated with the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada. He is also a fellow of the Royal College of Dental Surgeons of Ontario and a member of the Ontario Dental Association and the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. He is a member of the editorial board of the Journal of Dentistry and Oral Health and the Journal of Orthodontic Science and Practice. He is the author of the book “Early Treatment of Malocclusions: Prevention and Interception in Primary Dentition”, as well as co-author of the book “The Trainer System: A myofunctional approach to treat malocclusions”. He investigates on Craniofacial Growth and Development, the Patho-Physiology of Functional Disorders in the Cranio-Cervico- Mandibular system and how the craniofacial structures are modified by functional appliances.

Abstract:

Course description: The reason orthodontics is delivered mostly in permanent dentition and largely a cosmetic procedure is that we have been focusing on malocclusion as the problem to solve, much like we focus on any facial deformity that needs “correcting”. However, a shift in focus that looks at malocclusion as a symptom of imbalances elsewhere in the face, starting at an early age, will bring another perspective to the general and pediatric dentists to foreseeing malocclusions. By looking at the sources of imbalance we get a better picture of the etiology of malocclusion and a framework for treating it. In that way, malocclusions could be prevented and intercepted at an early age. We will explore the past, present, and possible future of early interventions as seen from this different point of view. This course will provoke you to think differently about diagnosis and treatment planning, especially as the goals of dentistry and medicine begin to merge. Course goals: To present insights on craniofacial growth and development and put myofunctional thinking in diagnosis and treatment planning on the cutting edge of early intervention of malocclusions. Course objectives: To Produce a Shift in Perspective: Just as Heisenberg taught us to look at light in two different ways, this lecture will illustrate a second, distinct way for the general and pediatric dentists to look at malocclusion. To Understand the Etiology of Malocclusion: The etiology of malocclusion is largely epigenetic. This lecture discusses what we are missing in our current concepts of “Growth and Development” and how a new understanding lets us vision malocclusion in a completely different way. To Envision the Mouth as Part of the Body: As our concept of malocclusion widens, so do our areas of concern and our scope of practice. This lecture will discuss some of the “big picture” health concerns related to the smaller issue of malocclusion. We will talk about what is behind the etiology of malocclusion, how a healthy airway is of major concern, and how our discipline interconnects with many other healthcare specialties. To Understand and Apply Myofunctional Orthodontics: Diagnosis depends on our ability to see what’s there. In this lecture we will learn how to “read” the body, the face, the skull, and the teeth in order to see the imbalances behind the malocclusion. Once the diagnosis becomes clear, the goals of treatment make sense. MFO treatment focuses on reversing the damage caused by poor function, improving oral-muscular function, and avoiding further damage, real prevention and interception.

Biography:

Mehrdad Ghaffari Targhi currently is a dentistry student in Yazad University, Iran of Medical Science. He has been researching academically since 2011 and has strong research knowledge in the respective field.

Abstract:

Objectives:
Selection of appropriate educational strategy in the field of oral health is considered as an important issue in prevention of oral and dental diseases and as oral health promotion in community. Importance of this made us to compare two methods of storytelling ( indirect method) and lecturing(direct method) in oral health education of elementary school students in yazd.
Methods:
This intervention study was conducted on 117 female elementary school students in 1391-92. Random and clustered sampling was done from 4 groups of grade 3 in elematary school. data selection was through a questionare, so that knowledge, attitude and practice of students were evaluated and compared before and after administration of methods. Data were analyzed using SPSS- 17 software through T-test and ANOVA.
Results:
The mean knowledge scores were 15.59+ 1.94 and 16.96+ 0.79 in instructed group by lecturing and storytelling respectively and the difference between two groups were statistically significant ( p-value = 0.001). The mean attitude scores were 21.40+ 3.5 and 24.32+ 2.55 in instructed group by lecturing and storytelling respectively and the difference between two groups were statistically significant ( p-value = 0.001). The mean practice scores were 13.42+ 2.01 and 14.39+1 in instructed group by lecturing and storytelling respectively and the difference between two groups were statistically significant ( p-value = 0.003).
Conclusion:
Findings of this study indicated that storytelling method (indirect method) had more significant effect than lecturing method (direct method) on knowledge, attitude and practice in oral health education.
Keywords: health education, Storytelling, oral and dental hygiene

Biography:

Nita Kumari has completed her BDS in 2009 from Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan. Currently, she is doing FCPS-II training (fellowship of College of Physician and Surgeon Pakistan) in speciality Orthodontics at Aga Khan University Hospital and is in her final year of residency program.

Abstract:

This research aims to evaluate the vertical facial morphology in untreated orthodontic patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion. The sample comprised of 113 patients (61 females and 52 males) between 8 and 13 years of age, having Class II malocclusion with overjet of >4 mm, no prior history of orthodontic treatment, no craniofacial anomalies and no missing first permanent molars. Skeletal parameters were assessed by using pretreatment lateral cephalograms of these patients. Overjet was measured on the study casts taken from each subject using digital vernier caliper. Descriptive statistics were calculated for age and different vertical facial cephalometric angles. Pearson’s correlation was used to correlate various parameters. One-way ANOVA was used for comparison of means of vertical facial cephalometric angles among three overjet groups (Group-I = 5-7 mm, Group-II = 8-10 mm, Group-III = >10 mm). The means of all the vertical facial cephalometric parameters were in the normal range representing average facial pattern in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion, except Jaraback ratio which indicated tendency towards long facial pattern. No statistically significant correlation was found between overjet and the parameters of vertical facial morphology. Frankfort mandibular plane angle was found to have moderately significant positive correlation with Steiner’s mandibular plane angle (0.789**) and Y-axis (0.604**). Patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion have an average vertical growth pattern. Overjet value is not a predictor of vertical facial morphology. There is no significant correlation between overjet and parameters used to assess vertical facial morphology

Biography:

Monisha Singhal has done her BDS from Maharana Pratap Dental college and now pursuing her Posgraduation in Pediatric Dentirsty at Chandra Dental College, Lucknow. She is member of Indian Societry of Pedodontics & preventive Dentistry.

Abstract:

White spot lesions are frequently seen because of incipient caries, Developmental Defect of Enamel or post-orthodontic decalcification in the dental clinics. These lesions present esthetic problems as well as the progression of demineralization.. Various conventional treatments available i.e topical agents in form of creams, pastes and remineralizing agents such as fluoride therapy, casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate pastes, bleaching therapy ,Microabrasion, conventional bonding and veneering agents.. DMG Icon is a new minimally invasive technique which works through resin infiltration on enamel defects. With DMG Icon, white spot lesions are stabilized while the anatomical shape and color of the noncavitated white spot defects of enamel are masked.

Biography:

Syeda Mahvash Hussain Assistant Professor, Operative Dentistry Aga Khan University.Validity of Different Dental Age Estimation Methods in Pakistani Orthodontic Patients.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Extensive caries, short clinical crown, traumatic injury, or severe para-functional habits may limit the amount of tooth structure available to properly restore an affected tooth. The restoration of an adequate biological width and the creation of an adequate space for proper placement of crowns prosthetic margins on a compromised tooth can be achieved surgically (crown lengthening procedure) or orthodontically (forced eruption), or by a combination of both.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this systematic review was to find out which crown lengthening procedure is the most commonly used and provides best results in terms of amount of tooth substance gained.
METHODS: Search engines like Pub med and CINAHL plus (Ebsco) were used to search articles related to our review question using the key terms and different permutations:
• Surgical crown lengthening,
• Gingivectomy/gingivoplasty
• Biologic width,
• Orthodontic extrusion,
• Sub-gingival restoration
• Ferrule
RESULTS: • The total number of teeth assessed in all 8 studies was 321 (range 20-84 per study) • The surgical site was mentioned in 2/8 studies which made a total of 73 from the 321 teeth assessed.
• Only 80 of the 321 teeth assessed in the 8 studies were affected because of subgingival caries and another 53 had a fracture going sub-gingivally and the remaining studies did not mention the clinical presentation
• The radiographic evaluation was assessed in only 1/8 studies which had 30 teeth • In 7 out of the 8 studies, (total of 291 teeth), did not mention which jaw maxillary or mandibular, they belonged to.
• The most common indication for crown lengthening in these 8 studies was for proper restorative treatment
CONCLUSIONS: • The number of clinical trials on CLS (crown lengthening surgery) was limited.
• The quality of the studies which report data on CLS was mostly inadequate because basic demographics like the surgical site, the type of jaw (mandibular/ maxillary), radiographic evaluation and clinical presentation were missing from most of the studies evaluated
• APF (apical re-positioning of flap) with bone reduction was the most commonly used technique (7/8 studies) for CLS
• The mean amount of tooth structure gained initially was 2.46mm which decreased to 1.49mm after 6months.

Biography:

Dr. Aisha Khoja has completed her BDS in 2009 from Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro Pakistan. Currently, she is doing FCPS-II training (fellowship of college of physician and surgeon Pakistan) in speciality Orthodontics at Aga Khan University Hospital and is in her final year of residency program.

Abstract:

This research aims to evaluate the validity of Demirjian’s (1973), Nolla’s (1960) and Willems (2001) methods of dental age estimation in Pakistani orthodontic patients (8-16.9years). It also addresses the validity of these methods in determining dental maturity across the gender and compares the difference between original Demirjian tables (based on French-Canadian standards) and tables formulated for Pakistani population by Sukhia et al. (2012). Orthopantomograms of 403 subjects (males: 176, females: 227) were examined for dental age assessment by different methods. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon signed-ranked test were used to determine significant differences between mean dental age (DA) and chronological age (CA) among different age groups. Correlations between DA and CA were assessed by the Spearman’s correlation (p=≤0.05). Nolla’s method under-estimated the DA in males (1.00±1.54) and over-estimated in females (0.21±1.64). DA was significantly advanced using Pakistani tables (males=0.32±1.17, females=0.38±1.33years) and Willems method (males= 0.31±1.09, females=0.29±0.48years). However, DA was better correlated with CA using Pakistani tables as compared to the French-Canadian standards. Earlier dental maturation was reported in girls than boys using Demirjian and Nolla’s methods. Strong and significant correlations were found between CA and DA according to all methods (p<0.001). Among all, Willem’s method was identified as the most valid method for dental age estimation in Pakistani orthodontic patients)

Biography:

Rabia Ali graduated from Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan. Her research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and Marketing. She has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “Comparison of Topical Analgesic and Saline Rinses in Post Extraction Healing among hypertensives and non-hypertensives”

Abstract:

There is no evidence based guidelines on using saline rinses for post extraction oral care among hypertensives. Similarly, benefit of orally dissolved topical analgesics in addition to orally administered analgesic is questionable.
This study was conducted to compare post dental extraction healing among subjects who took simple analgesic tablets dissolved in water versus those who used saline rinses post operatively. A study was done among patients who underwent dental extractions at AKU dental clinic, Karachi. Carious, periodontally mobile, traumatized or broken down teeth among 20-70 years old in either gender were included. In addition to routine prescription of antibiotics and analgesics, hypertensive subjects(n=20) were advised dissolved Aspirin tablet as an oral care while non-hypertensive were divided into two sub groups(n=20 each), advised saline mouth rinses or dissolved Aspirin for 5 days respectively. The outcome (healing of extraction socket) was evaluated 7 days post-extraction on ordinal scale.
The mean age of our sample was 40.9±13.5 years. There were 50 females and 10 males. Upper left second molar was the most commonly extracted tooth(n=5). Out of 60 subjects, 5 were diabetics, all belonging to hypertensive group. Non-hypertensive subjects on topical aspirin showed the best socket healing(20/20) followed by hypertensives on Aspirin(17/20). Poorest outcome was seen among non-hypertensives with saline rinses(8/20). The difference was statistically significant. There was no difference between hypertensive & non-hypertensive on oral aspirin. However, there was a statistically significant difference observed between subjects on saline rinses versus other two groups. Topical aspirin offered superior post-operative socket healing compared to use of topical saline.

Biography:

Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo, Prishtina, Kosovo. 2Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kosovo. 3Orthopedic and Traumatic Clinic, University Clinical Center of Kosovo. 4Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kosovo. 5Department of Vascular Surgery, University Clinical Center of Kosovo.

Abstract:

Introduction: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are chronic musculoskeletal pain conditions. Clinical manifestation of pain is related to the use of the joint stiffness during first motions after prolonged rest and limited joint range of motion can cause significant pain and disability. There is little evidence that physical therapy methods of management cause long-lasting reductions in signs and symptoms. Exercise programs designed to improve physical fitness have beneficial effects on chronic pain and disability of the musculoskeletal system.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of physical therapy interventions in the management of temporomandibular disorders.
Materials and Methods: A prospective comparative study with a 3-month follow-up period was conducted between October 2014 and December 2014 at the Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic in Prishtina. Forty six patients with TMDs, (more than three months duration of symptoms) were randomized into two groups: the mid laser therapy group (n=24) and combination of active exercise and manual therapy group (n=22). The mid laser therapy group patients were treated with fifteen sessions of mid laser therapy. The treatment period of both groups was 6 weeks at an outpatient clinic. Following main outcome measures were evaluated: (1) pain at rest (2) pain at stress (3) impairment (4) mouth opening at base-line, before and after treatment and at 3 month follow-up.
Results: Significant reduction in pain was observed in both treatment groups. In the exercise group 73% (16/22) achieved at least 80% improvement from baseline in elbow pain at 3 months compared with 54% (13/24) in the drugs group (difference of 19%; 95% confidence interval 220 to 30%). Active and passive maximum mouth opening has been greater in the exercise group (p< 0.05).
Conclusion: Exercise therapy in combination with manual therapy seems to be useful in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders.

Biography:

Dr Sana Ehsen Nagi Dental Clinics Department of Surgery, Aga Khan University.Trends of endodontic retreatment in various practices.

Abstract:

Objective: To assess the outcome of dental implants placement Agha Khan University Hospital.
Methodology: It was a retrospective charts review which included 127 implants. Duration of our study was from 2010-2014 placed within AKUH. Variables such as length and diameter of implants, most common type of implant used, type of prosthesis, immediate and delayed loading were analyzed. Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution were computed. Chi square test was applied to compare the difference between categorical variables. The unit of analysis was implant. Level of significance was kept at <0.05.
Results: A total of 127 implants were placed out of which five implants failed. Analysis was done on 122 implants in which successful osseointegration was achieved. The follow up range was 2 months to 48 months. Surgical and prosthetic data was analysed on 58 implants that were loaded with prosthesis while 64 units are yet to be loaded so only surgical data was available for the latter. The predominant implant used was Zimmer tapered screw vent, most of the patients who received dental implants were partially edentulous, most common length was 11.5 mm, most frequent diameter was 4.7 mm. Straight abutment was used for most of the cases, most commonly replaced tooth was lower right first molar. The predominant final prosthesis were cement retained crowns and bridges. A small fraction of surgeries receive bone grafts along with the implant. The 5 failed cases had three common variables: deficient bone in maxilla, early loading with provisional prosthesis and placement of bone graft.
Conclusions: We were able to achieve a success rate of 96.1% which is in agreement with the studies conducted worldwide and internationally accepted standards. Factors affecting outcome of osseointegration including atrophic maxilla, premature loading, medical comorbids, bone grafting should be dealt with caution.

Biography:

Maham Muneeb Lone presently working at Department of Operative Dentistry, Aga Khan University Hospital,Karachi.his research works include periodontal inflammation,gingivitis,tooth decay.

Abstract:

Oral Implantology is a rapidly evolving area of dentistry which needs to be taught to the undergraduate students. The objectives of this study were to explore the status of Implantology teaching at BDS level education in Pakistan and to assess topics/areas in Implant dentistry curriculum being overlooked at the undergraduate level.
A questionnaire was distributed to faculty of Operative Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Oral Surgery and Periodontics in various dental institutions of Pakistan. The questionnaire gained information on: year of introduction, departments involved in teaching and format of teaching implantology etc. Data was analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Descriptive statistics and frequency distribution were computed.
Out of the 33 forms received, 22 faculty members were fellows of College of Physicians and Surgeons of Pakistan or Royal College of Surgeons UK. Oral Surgeons were reported to be responsible for teaching by 19 of the faculty. In majority of the dental colleges, Implantology was introduced after the year 2005. Out of the 23 respondents who placed implants, 17 reported that they frequently allowed students to observe implant surgeries. Lectures (64%) are the mainstay of teaching Implantology at undergraduate institutions.
Oral Surgeons are primarily responsible for implant education at undergraduate level; hence the subject teaching is Surgery oriented. Implant education started in most institutions in last 5-10 years. Topics such as implant prosthetics, bone regeneration and grafting are poorly covered in implant teaching.

Biography:

Working as faculty at Bio-medical Engineering Science and research Branch;Islamic Azad University, Tehran,Iran.he also interested in bio materials department.

Abstract:

Bioresorbable ceramic microspheres by property of Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive such as hydroxyapatite, tricalcium phosphate and nano hydroxyapatite, due to the high surface to volume ratio, have a high potential as cell carrier. Because of that, they are good candidate for regenerate defective bone and tooth structures. Due to the high stability of hydroxyapatite and high solubility of tricalcium phosphate, microspheres combined with hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate called biphasic phosphate, that their property are Osteoinductive and Osteoconductive simultaneously. The microwave synthesis offers the advantages of rapid heating of phase in the atomic levels that also influences the resorption rate of the BCP ceramics. Ceramic microspheres (HA, TCP and biphasic ceramic) were prepared by microwave method. In this method, liquid immiscibility effect using gelatin (6%, 8%) and paraffin oil. In this study the morphology of ceramic microsphere was studied by SEM and crystallographic phases were characterized by X-ray diffraction method. The bioactivity of microspheres was assessed by incubating the microspheres in a simulated body fluid (SBF) after 24 h and 14 days. Scanning electron microscope indicated spherical and porous morphology of the microspheres. These images show that microsphere which form by 6% gelatin have smooth surface and spherical shape. From XRD analysis BCP microspheres sample consist of both the peak of HA and TCP phases without any impurities, also microspheres have microcrystalline shape. The EDXA analysis shows that these microspheres are bioactive ceramics that it is very important factor in tissue remineralization.

Biography:

Visar Bunjaku, Private Dental Clinic, Lluzhan - Podujeva, from university of Republic of Kosovo. research interests are pediatric dentistry, Cosmetic Dentistry, Public Health, Surgery… has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “Effectiveness of Scaling and Root Planning Treatment for Severe Chronic Periodontitis along with Simultaneous use of Three Different Antibiotics and Irrigation Solutions”

Abstract:

Background: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of systemic administration of three different antibiotics and irrigation solutions following scaling and root planning (SRP) for the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis.
Methods: 114 patients (age group 29 – 57) were selected and randomly assigned to scaling and root planning with at least seven teeth with probing depth ≥5 mm and bleeding on probing (BoP). Patients are divided into three groups, Group A received SRP + irrigation using 2% peroxide solution followed by systemic use of amoxicillin 1000 mg twice a day for 10 days, Group B received SRP + irrigation with 0.2% chlorexidine solution followed by systemic use of metronidazole 400 mg twice a day for 10 days and Group C received SRP + irrigation with 5% Povidone-Iodine solution followed by systemic use of Azythromycine 500 mg once a day for 5 days. Gain in clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BoP) and visible plaque index were selected as outcome variables. Weekly, proficient supragingival plaque removal was performed. Following all therapies, a reduction in full mouth mean clinical parameters was observed at baseline and after 60 days by the same examiner.
Results: All three groups have improvements in clinical parameters compared to baseline (p<0.05). The mean probing depth reductions were: Group A = 0.70 mm, Group B = 0.85 mm and Group C = 1.10 mm. The probing depth reduction (PD) and gain in clinical attachment level (CAL) was considerably higher in the SRP, Povidone - Iodine irrigation plus Azythromycine group, compare to two other groups (p=0.003). As far as bleeding on probing (BoP) and visible plaque index there was no significant difference between the groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Results of this short term study demonstrated significant advantages of systemic use of Azytromycine after SRP and irrigation with 5% Povidone - Iodine solutions for the treatment of severe chronic periodontitis.

Biography:

Shefqet Mrasori has completed his PhD at the age of 47 years from the University of Tirana, Dental Faculty (Republic of Albania) and postdoctoral studies from University of Prishtina School of Medicine. He is the executive director of the University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo. He has published 6 papers in regional journals and had active participation in many International Conferences. He’s member of European Endodontic Society (ESE), Kosovo Dental Chamber and Kosovo Endodontic Society. His primary research interests are electronic apex locators and biocompatible provisional materials for root canal treatment.

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of this study was to validate the frequency and distribution of endodontic treatment needs in two private dental practices in Prishtina-Kosovo.
Materials and Methods: Data was assembled from the patients’ dental records. During three year period (2011 – 2013), 576 teeth from 498 individuals (age range 9-88 years) were endontically treated at “Flori Dent” and “Visari Dent” private dental practices. Age, gender, location of the affected tooth and reason for endodontic treatment was recorded and collected for each case. Data was analyzed using Student t-test, Fisher exact test and the Chi-squared test.
Results: As of the overall number of patients 498, 259 (52%) were males and 239 (48%) female patients. From the total number of 576 endodontically treated teeth, 334 (58%) were maxillary and 242 (42%) were mandibular teeth. Irreversible pulpitis was the most frequent diagnosed pathology (34.16%) followed by apical periodontitis (30.54%), pulp necrosis (27.29%) and endodontic retreatment cases (8.01%). We found that the increased age of patients is followed by increasing trend of endodontic procedures, furthermore there was no significant difference in the distribution of etiology of endodontic treatment between male and female patients (P=0.391). Major discrepancies were identified between the maxillary and mandibular arch (P=0.04). The most frequently treated tooth was the mandibular left first molar (10.07%) followed by the maxillary right first molar (8.12%). Caries was the most frequent etiological cause leading to endodontic treatment (P=0.016). Significantly more molars (P<0.01) had been endodontically treated compared to premolars and frontal teeth.
Conclusion: The number of teeth with endodontic treatment in Kosovo population was higher compare to findings in the other European countries, particularly for the treatment of apical periodontitis. Caries was the most frequent etiologic cause; lower molars and upper first molars were more commonly involved teeth, meanwhile lower incisor teeth are less involved in endodontic treatment.

Biography:

Luljeta Ferizi Shabani, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo - Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo. Her research interests are pediatric dentistry, Cosmetic Dentistry, Public Health, Surgery…

Abstract:

Introduction: The DMFT and OHI-S indexes are two of the most important quantitative factors, measuring tooth health and oral hygiene.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between DMFT and OHI-S indexes in 10-15 years old children treated at the University Dentistry Clinical Center of Kosova- Pediatric Dentistry Clinic.
Methods: The study has been carried out during 2 years period (2013-2014) on 695 children (51.7% females and 48.3% males), ages 10-15 years from urban and rural areas, included in this cross-sectional study. Children’s oral health status was evaluated using the WHO caries diagnostic criteria for Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth (DMFT), and simplified oral hygiene index by Green-Vermilion (OHI-S).
Results: The findings of our study demonstrated that children aged 10-15-year-old living in the urban areas had higher prevalence of caries than those in rural areas. The average and standard deviation of DMFT in children from urban areas was 2.8 and 2.1, respectively the average and standard deviation of DMFT was 2.4 and 1.7, for children from rural areas. OHI-S index, on the other hand, showed an average 1.4.
Conclusion: Based on the result of the t-test, the correlation coefficient was r=0.70. We have concluded that there is a strong correlation between DMFT and OHI-S index in children 10-15 years old, but they had high caries prevalence. Preventive approach and measures are recommended for children due to higher caries prevalence, related to their diet and poor oral health maintenance.

Biography:

Arben Murtezani is an Oral Surgeon at University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo. Completed his DDS in University "St. Cyril and Method" during 1992 – 2002. Completed Oral Surgery Specialization in University Dental Clinical Center of Macedonia "St. Panteleimon" Skopje during 2007 – 2010. His research skills are Cosmetic Dentistry, Public Health, Surgery…

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the effect of soft laser therapy and local application of the NBF Gingival Gel on post-surgical wound healing, pain and swelling in an investigative comparative-efficiency study.
Study Design & Methods: Seventy eight pre-prosthetic surgical cases are included in this study, divided into three groups. After suturing, 39 patients (Group A) received laser treatment of the operative site with an 800 nm –at power output of 45mW and irradiation time of 160 seconds using the Medio Laser Combi (Iskra Medical, Ljubljana, Slovenia) , and postoperatively at the 3 and 6 day. Second group (Group B), consisted of 39 patients received irradiation without laser activation and surgical wound treatment with NBF Gingival Gel (NanoCureTech Institute®, Seoul, South Korea) right after suturing, and postoperatively after 24 hours, 3 and 6 day.
Main outcome measures: Surgical wound healing was assessed at the 1, 3 and 7th day postoperatively. Patients were instructed to evaluate their postoperative pain utilizing VAS scale for each day successively for 7 days after surgery. Swelling was evaluated using 5 standard measuring craniofacial lines. Wound healing was evaluated using wound healing scale 1 – 10 by blinded investigator. Results: The differences in pain level were significant only at the first day (Mann – Witney U-test, p<0.05), however major disparity was noted as far as swelling at the 3 day between Group A and Group B (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference were observed between Group A and Group B regarding wound healing (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The use of soft laser irradiation achieves better postoperative analgesic effect and slight reduction of swelling. Its clinical usefulness demands additional trials.

Biography:

Vlorë Hysenaj Cakolli graduated from University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo - Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo. His research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and Marketing. He has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “Correlation between oral health status and recurrent respiratory infectious disease in a 6- to 15-year-old Kosovar school children population”

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to describe the correlation between recurrent respiratory infectious disease and oral health status, and to evaluate the pattern of oral health behavior, attitudes, knowledge related to dental caries experience and social status.
Setting: The study was carried out at the Pediatric Department of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo in Prishtina.
Study Design & Methods: Oral examination was carried out in 44 children (Group A) with recurrent respiratory infectious disease and compared with 44 healthy children (Group B) from local schools in Prishtina region. Parents are interviewed using questionnaires to assess awareness of oral health. Dental caries and periodontal CPI scores 0, 1 or 2 according to WHO are registered and related interviews concerning oral health behavior and attitudes are carried out for both groups.
Results: Overall, 5.3% of children had no decay or fillings and 31% of subjects had untreated caries. Mean dmft for age group 6 – 10 of the study and control group (2.13 +/- 3.22 and 1.33 +/- 2.2 respectively) or in DMFT scores for age group 11 – 15 of the study and control group (1.81 +/- 1.97 and 1.11 +/- 1.39) demonstrating that there was no significant difference between study and control group (P>0.05). Caries prevalence results were higher in girls than boys in study group, whereas periapical lesions were more frequent among boys in study group. Only 37% of children in study group and 46% of control group brushed their teeth twice a day, meanwhile 53% of subjects in control group and 38% in study group are examined by dentist within the previous year. Important prognosticators of high caries experience were dental visits, consumptions of sweets, gender and obesity whereas decreased risk was observed in children with positive oral health attitudes in both groups.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that improvements of oral health in children suffering from recurrent respiratory infectious disease is needed in order to prevent the development of periodontal disease in later life and elimination of oral/dental focuses.

Biography:

Valë Hysenaj Hoxha graduated from University Dental Clinical Center of Kosovo - Prishtina, Republic of Kosovo. His research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and Marketing. He has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “Correlation between oral health status and recurrent respiratory infectious disease in a 6- to 15-year-old Kosovar schoolchildren population”

Abstract:

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to describe the correlation between recurrent respiratory infectious disease and oral health status, and to evaluate the pattern of oral health behavior, attitudes, knowledge related to dental caries experience and social status.
Setting: The study was carried out at the Pediatric Department of the University Clinical Center of Kosovo in Prishtina.
Study Design and Methods: Oral examination was carried out in 44 children (Group A) with recurrent respiratory infectious disease and compared with 44 healthy children (Group B) from local schools in Prishtina region. Parents are interviewed using questionnaires to assess awareness of oral health. Dental caries and periodontal CPI scores 0, 1 or 2 according to WHO are registered and related interviews concerning oral health behavior and attitudes are carried out for both groups.
Results: Overall, 5.3% of children had no decay or fillings and 31% of subjects had untreated caries. Mean dmft for age group 6 – 10 of the study and control group (2.13 +/- 3.22 and 1.33 +/- 2.2 respectively) or in DMFT scores for age group 11 – 15 of the study and control group (1.81 +/- 1.97 and 1.11 +/- 1.39) demonstrating that there was no significant difference between study and control group (P>.05). Caries prevalence results were higher in girls than boys in study group, whereas periapical lesions were more frequent among boys in study group. Only 37% of children in study group and 46% of control group brushed their teeth twice a day, meanwhile 53% of subjects in control group and 38% in study group are examined by dentist within the previous year. Important prognosticators of high caries experience were dental visits, consumptions of sweets, gender and obesity whereas decreased risk was observed in children with positive oral health attitudes in both groups.
Conclusion: The present study indicated that improvements of oral health in children suffering from recurrent respiratory infectious disease is needed in order to prevent the development of periodontal disease in later life and elimination of oral/dental focuses.
Key words: respiratory disease, oral health, pediatric dentistry

Biography:

Jenan Yahiya is a Student at Ras Al-Khaimah College of Dental Sciences. His research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and teaching. He has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “The fine distance between Chewing and BRUXISM”

Abstract:

Mastication is an essential function for survival of human organisms and has long been a subject of study in the dental literature. Knowledge of how the mandible moves during mastication has greatly influenced procedures in clinical dentistry. The aim of this overview is to give basic description of the classical studies of the physiology, function and neural control principles of the mastication. Mastication is the action of breaking down the food, preparatory to deglutition. This breaking down action is highly organized complex of neuromuscular and digestive activities. The duration and forces developed in the power stroke vary within, between individuals and for the type of the food chewed. Observation of masticatory movements may be of diagnostic value for assessing disorders of the stomatognathic complex system. The action of masticatory muscles during chewing varies between subjects in amplitude, onset timing, and duration of the chewing cycle. For dentists, understanding mastication is of utmost importance. The teeth that we repair, restore, move or periodically extract and replace, masticate food for our patients, allow good speech pronunciation, posture and preserve esthetics of the patients face. A Mastication Cycle is comprised of three phases: Opening Time (OT), Closing Time (CT) and Occlusal Time (OcT). Normal cycle time varies from 600-900 milliseconds. The Turning Point (TP) is the point at which the jaw ceases opening and begins closing. This TP is shown in millimeters in three dimensions relative to CO - Centric Occlusion with teeth together. The Terminal Chewing Position (TCP) Point is the point at which the teeth cease moving together (maximum bolus compression). Dysfunctional mastication can have several causes: TM joint pathologies, muscle pathology, tooth interferences or tooth pain avoidance. Mastication analysis can be excellent tool in diagnosing of these problems (Fig.1). According to the results from the non-parametric statistical analysis, the frequency of the following signs and symptoms was significant: Fatigue and muscle pain, joint sounds, tinnitus, ear fullness, headache, chewing impairment and difficulty to yawn (p<0.01) and otalgia (p<0.05). As to the parafunctional oral habits, there was a significant presence of teeth clenching during the day and night (p<0.01) and teeth grinding at night (p<0.05). Although bruxism is a frequent habit in adults (Fig. 1), its causal factors are complex and still not fully understood. Until a few years ago peripheral factors, such as occlusal disorders and anatomical alterations, were the most commonly implicated. However, current research has questioned the action of occlusion on the origin of bruxism, promoting conceptual change that suggests the influence of the central nervous system and psychogenic factors. Thus, we believe that the multifactorial theories may be the most plausible hypothesis (Fig. 2). Bruxism can cause signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Moreover, it will affect and slowly destruct structures of the masticatory system, causing significant problems to the patients.

Biography:

Doya Omar M. Al. Aamar is a Student at Ras Al-Khaimah College of Dental Sciences. His research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and teaching. He has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 on “Smile esthetic parameters”

Abstract:

Patients are continuously more interesting to improve their smile attractiveness. Because of that, cosmetic dentistry is becoming an object of concern and increasingly more patients are seeking to improve the esthetics of their smiles. Therefore, systematic comprehensive facial and dental analysis must be approached before commencing any esthetic treatment. The aim of this review is to prepare appropriate, extensive, easy managing clinical tool to help clinicians to accomplish and implement a comprehensive smile assessment. We aim to adopt a systematic approach toward smile assessment, and introduce smile assessment parameters in a form that will assist clinicians in identifying and recording smile features for diagnosis and treatment planning. Overall, far reaching, esthetic parameters will be arranged in a suitable form. Proposed parameters will be arranged to facilitate objectiveness of the facial design. Also, they will help patients to determine factors of dissatisfaction and/or concern during dental treatments. Smile assessment could also become essential for diagnosis, treatment planning and to define any limitations in the dental treatments. Conclusively, complex structure of smile esthetic parameters organized in specific software will allow the patients liberty of decision taking and could become a part of the process of treatment consent.

Biography:

Mustafa Tattan is a Student at Ras Al-Khaimah College of Dental Sciences. His research interests are in Dentistry, Event management and teaching. He has given the opportunity to prepare the article on event published in the 2015 issue of the International Association of Dental Students annual magazine. Worked at the 2015 Health Fair, organized by Pakistani Youth Forum, as part of a voluntary team of Gulf Dental Students & Young Dentists Association members to provide children of all ages with clinical examinations, caries risk assessment and oral hygiene instructions.

Abstract:

Green tea is a very popular drink, primarily due to its widely known health benefits; from its effect of minimizing the risk of mortality due to cardiovascular disease, to its cytotoxic effect on cancerous tumor cells, to its well-known aid in weight loss. The positive impact of green tea and its constituents on a person’s overall health is given its fair share of attention. However, its immense impact on periodontal health is mostly overlooked and not given the spotlight it deserves. Until recently, the effect of green tea on periodontal health was not very clearly known or stated, and ever since coming across this information mentioned in several researches, we have decided to understand the science behind the apparent therapeutic and prophylactic effect of green tea on periodontitis. It was made clear to us, through our extensive research and reviewing of many recorded researches, that it was the action of an active ingredient present in green tea, known as catechins, that presents these - both therapeutic and prophylactic - effects when speaking of poor periodontal health. Knowing that regular plaque control is not always sufficient, alongside the positive impact of catechins in green tea on periodontal health, we were intrigued to find out whether or not this could be incorporated into regular oral hygiene – as to utilize this beneficial active ingredient along with personal and professional plaque control to fight periodontal disease. Following this, we had come across green tea integrated into regular-use mouthwash. This is an idea that would probably be more practical to ask of patients than constant consumption of green tea; since the amount of the actual active ingredient would not be sufficient to inhibit periodontitis. Also, it is a both safe, as well as feasible way where green tea and its effective contents can be properly employed in the treatment and prophylaxis of periodontal disease. Now, what we would also like to ask ourselves, to improve this life-changing discovery for many, is there a more efficient method of incorporating green tea, and its beneficial effect, into our regular lifestyles?

Biography:

Abstract:

Bruxism is a condition of involuntary teeth grinding, teeth clenching and teeth gritting, that causes teeth wear and breakage, disorders of the jaws and headache. This habit affects around 8-10% of the population and occurs in both children and adults. Sometimes the habit of clenching or grinding teeth continues even when we eliminate the cause. While devices like mouth guards alleviate the pain and discomfort and protect teeth from further damage, they are not highly effective in addressing the bad habit of clenching and grinding. The researches had shown that the most effective tool for permanently stopping bruxism is the Biofeedback treatment. Biofeedback is the method used to detect the Electromyography (EMG) signals from any involuntary physiological activity and function in order to control it. The instruments used in the treatment provide information regarding the activity as well as a way to influence it somehow. A variety of instruments are available for the purpose of monitoring involuntary physiological activities and also to break those activities. Out of the many, the most effective is the Biofeedback headband and its usage for treating bruxism has been supported by considerable research. The success of the biofeedback device in controlling the nighttime bruxism depends on the time used for the training during the day. When a control group was incorporated, the authors usually failed to match the patients by such variables as age, sex, facial morphology, and history of bruxism. Controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of biofeedback using electromyography found significant reductions of diurnal parafunctional activity during treatment but no evidence is available for the long-term use of biofeedback in the management of bruxism. Furthermore, the possible consequences of the frequent stimuli, like excessive daytime sleepiness, need more attention before this technique can be used for the safe treatment of patients with bruxism.

Biography:

Abstract:

Introduction: Endodontic therapy or root canal therapy is a sequence of treatment for the pulp of a tooth which results in the elimination of infection and the protection of the decontaminated tooth from future microbial invasion. Root canals and their associated pulp chamber are the physical hollows within a tooth that are naturally inhabited by nerve tissue, blood vessels and other cellular entities which together constitute the dental pulp . Endodontic therapy involves the removalof these structures, the subsequent shaping, cleaning, and decontamination of the hollows with small files and irrigating solutions and the obturation (filling) of the decontaminated canals with an inert filling such as gutta-percha and typically a eugenol-based cement. Epoxy resin, -which may or may not contain Bisphenol A- is employed to bind gutta-perchain some root canal procedures. Endodontic treatment During root canal treatment, the inflamed or infected pulp is removed and the inside of the tooth is carefully cleaned and disinfected, then filled and sealed with a rubber-like material called gutta-percha. Afterwards, the tooth is restored with a crown or filling for protection. After restoration, the tooth continues to function like any other tooth.Saving the natural tooth with root canal treatment has many advantages:
• Efficient chewing
• Normal biting force and sensation
• Natural appearance
• Protects other teeth from excessive wear or strain
Endodontic treatment helps you maintain your natural smile, continue eating the foods you love and limit the need for ongoing dental work. With proper care, most teeth that have had root canal treatment can last as long as other natural teeth and often for a lifetime. Procedure • First, the dentist will numb your gums with a substance that feels like jelly. After your gums are numb, the dentist will inject a local anesthetic that will completely numb the teeth, gums, tongue, and skin in that area. Sometimes nitrous oxide gas will be used to reduce pain and help you relax. • The dentist may separate the decayed tooth from the other teeth with a small sheet of rubber on a metal frame. This protective rubber sheet also helps stop liquid and tooth chips from entering your mouth and throat.
• The dentist will use a drill and other tools to remove the pulp from the tooth and will fill the inside part of the tooth below the gum line with medicines, temporary filling materials, and a final root canal filling.
• After the root canal, a permanent filling or crown (cap) is often needed. If a crown is needed, the dentist removes the decay and then makes an impression of the tooth. A technician uses the impression to make a crown that perfectly matches the drilled tooth.
The tooth may be fitted with a temporary crown until the permanent crown is made and cemented into place.